MTA and New York City Government reacted so early because they were criticized when heavy snow storm hit the city last winter. Some of the residents even in Manhattan were also required to evacuate from their residents. But fortunately there was nothing serious happened at least in Manhattan.
On the contrary, lots of things happened outside of the City. My area had a power outage for a couple of days. What surprised me was that people were not upset about this situation. My next door even has a power generator. They told me that there was a power outage in March last year and at that time there was no electricity for four days. So this time, they bought a generator beforehand. Lucky them! My next door family has been living here for about twenty years and they said they had a power outage for "half a dozen" times. It means six times in twenty years? That's quite a lot.
I think in Japan, electric companies usually cut down trees near the power lines so we won't have power outages so often. Here in New York (or in the States), they don't cut down trees. So in our case, one of the branches of the trees fell down and cut the power line. MTA also had a trouble of flood on the train tracks. This YouTube of Tuckahoe Station is incredible. This station is near from my house (two stations from ours). I feel there is something wrong in the rail structure. I don't think this would happen often in Japan...
日本では、電力会社は電線のそばの木の枝は切り落とすのではないかと思うのですが、こちらではあまりそういうことをしていないようで、我が家の停電も、電線のそばの木の枝が落ちて電線を切ってしまったことが原因でした。MTAは電車の線路が洪水になるというトラブルにも見舞われました。Tuckahoe Stationという我が家から2つ先の駅のYouTubeの映像はなかなか驚きです。駅や線路の構造上の問題ではないかという気がします。こういうことは日本ではあまり起こらないのではないでしょうか?
There is a discussion in Japan whether we need a dam to get ready for the flood as big as once in 100 years. Here in the US, people think that if a big flood happens, that's a bad luck and all we have to do is just to restore it. I am not sure which case costs less. But in case of Irene, many people died which could have been saved.
日本では、100年に1度の洪水にそなえてダムを造るべきかどうかという議論がありますが、アメリカでは、そういう洪水が起これば運が悪かったのであり、事前にわざわざ準備するよりも、事が起こってから対応すればよい、という考え方のようです。どちらがコストが低くてすむかは何とも言えませんが、ハリケーン・アイリーンの場合は、多くの方が亡くなっており、これらはたとえばインフラがしっかりしていたら、もしかしたら救えたのかも知れないという気がします。